Regua 2020
An Odonata Trip from January 23rd to
February 13th 2020
By Paul Hopkins
Participants: Paul Hopkins and Magnus Billqvist (We were joined by Tom Kompier 23/1-2/2/2020). During our first week we were also joined on trips to Vecchi and Campestre de Salinas by Agnes Ludwig.
Introduction
We timed our visit to coincide with the months of peak Dragonfly activity in the Serra dos Orgaos area of South Eastern Brazil. One of the attractions of visiting this area was that we were able to base ourselves for the entire three weeks at the comfortable lodge at Regua. Regua or otherwise known as the Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu is the most fantastic rainforest restoration project at the base of the Serra dos Orgaos mountain range. The project has restored old pasture to a mosaic of wetland and forest creating a corridor to the mountain range beyond. We chose to stay for three weeks because there was a high risk of losing some days to rain in the Austral Summer.
There are many trails and Odonata rich habitats on the Regua property, all within walking or a short car lift from the lodge. In addition to this, day trips can be taken to additional sites at varying altitudes where additional species can be found. These sites will be discussed later in this report. Regua provide transport to the local sites as part of their accommodation package. For trips further afield such as Campestre de Salinas, Tres Picos and Silva Jardim there is an additional charge. For an additional charge Regua will also collect and drop you off at Rio international airport. Their main driver is the affable Alcenir who was excellent and knows all the key areas to visit. Regua provide three meals a day and do packed lunches for the full day excursions.
Any visit to the neotropics in search of Odonata is usually problematical due to the lack of available field guides. A trip will normally involve hours of internet research in search of papers and photographs in order to successfully target and identify species. This is not so for Regua since the publication in 2015 of Tom Kompier's excellent "A Guide to the Dragonflies and Damselflies of Serra dos Orgaos". Tom's guide has made Regua an ideal destination to dip your toes into Neotropical Odonata as it covers all the 200+ species that occur in the area with the exception of a couple of species which have been found since 2015. We were very lucky to have Tom join us for the first 10 days of our trip, which no doubt helped our knowledge of the various habitats to visit. His presence surely added a few species too. Even if we had to burn a few calories keeping up with him!
Sites visited
1. The Lodge Garden
It is worth checking the flower beds and borders of the Lodge garden as quite a few common species can be found with ease. These include Acanthagrion temporale, Erythrodiplax castanea, E. avittata and E. fusca, Dythemis nigra and Rhodopygia cardinalis. We also found rarer species such as Erythrodiplax media. The Lodge has a moth wall which also attracts Odonata. We had Ischnura capreolus and I. fluviatilis and a few other common species. Others have done much better at the wall so it is well worth a look.
2. Regua Wetlands
The wetlands below the lodge are just 5 minutes’ walk away. The main trail around the wetlands is the Yellow Trail. There are also various side trails and short cuts. The wetlands hold a fantastic number of species and will always keep you occupied no matter how many times you visit. It is pointless listing the species here, but you will see from the species accounts what bounty awaits. Visit the wetlands before you go anywhere else in order to calibrate yourself to this Odonata paradise. We visited multiple times.
3. Green Trail
A short car ride is required to the start of the Green Trail. The trail is about 2.6 km to the Waterfall, gaining elevation as you go. The bottom of the trail at about 200 metres distance has good numbers Leptagrion perlongum attending the Bromeliads on the rocks. Another highlight at the river here is Heteragrion triangulare. We also had Mecistogaster amalia here on our last day, much to Magnus's relief.
Climbing the Green Trail towards the Waterfall, you pass several streams which hold a number of Heteragrion species including the undescribed Persimmon Flatwing Heteragrion sp. As you increase in altitude the species change. At the magnificent waterfall Macrothemis tessellata can be found but take care on the slippery rocks.
We visited the Green Trail three times. Our observations can be seen in the species accounts.
4. Brown and Purple Trail
We did not bother too much with the Brown Trail other than using it to access the Purple Trail and the site for Macrothemis rupicola.
At the bottom of the hill below the lodge and next to the researchers’ accommodation is an area that floods after rain. We called it the "Lestes Swamp" because Tom did. We had Lestes tricolor here but it was a great spot for Telagrion longum, Anatya januaria and Micrathyria atra amongst other things. The water levels rose and fell quite significantly at this site depending on the rain and it was very muddy. Rubber boots are essential here.
6. Guapiaçu River
The Guapiaçu River borders the Regua property at a few places and is essential to visit for riverine species such as Elasmothemis constricta and Neoneura confundens amongst others. We visited three sites on the river. The most easily accessible was the river next to the Old Wetlands on the road to the Green Trail. Here we had Macrothemis imitans, Elasmothemis constricta and E. cannacroides on the same twig. This site seems to be a tributary of the main Guapiaçu River.
Another site on the river was at the bridge near the Forest Fragment. We stopped here early in the trip to "tick" species from the bridge. Being a purist, I wasn't bothered about ticking Neoneura confundens as a speck from the bridge. A decision I would later regret.
Another day we also visited another site which Tom drove us to. Here the water was quite deep, muddy and with a bit of a current. Again I declined wading in with my video gear as it looked like an accident waiting to happen. Of course Magnus and Tom saw lots of Neoneura confundens. Regrettably, we left another river visit for the last few days and bad weather ruined any chance of bolstering the riverine species list.
7. Forest Fragment
The Forest Fragment is a short ride (or a long walk) from Regua and potentially one of the best sites for Gomphid and Macrothemis species around Regua. The site is essentially a track though the forest with a clearing and streams at either end. We visited the site three times. Once in the morning with Tom, seeing our only Regua Pincertip Forcepsioneura regua, our first Heteragrion consors, Progomphus complicatus, Epigomphus paludosus and Macrothemis musiva. Magnus and I returned on another morning only to spend the majority of it taking shelter and myself fertilizing the crops due to an upset stomach. Our final visit was on a hot afternoon and activity was very low.
The old wetlands are accessed through a track off the road to the Green Trail. The short walk to the site takes you past a stream where we had our only Peristicta jalmosi and our first sighting of Aphylla theodorina nearby. The wetland itself has similar species to the Regua wetlands and access to the water edge is more difficult. Despite the access issues it was still well worth visiting with nice views of Coryphaeschna perrensi, Erythemis carmelita and Idiataphe amazonica amongst other things. We visited the site twice.
The large reservoir on the way to the Green Trail had some very interesting species. The problem with this site is that it is difficult to access and we believe that the current owners are not keen on people entering. Despite this, the lure of new species did tempt us in twice. We entered via a woodland on the opposite side of the reservoir to the management/owners property. This involved sliding down a steep grass bank to get down to water level. The climb back up was a killer, especially on our first visit when we visited in the heat of the day. Our second visit was made in warm but overcast conditions which helped. This was the only place we saw single males of Erythrodiplax latimaculata and Homeoura chelifera, although Tom did see the latter earlier in the trip at the Regua Wetlands. The site was also good for Planiplax arachne, Orthemis schmidti and good numbers of Erythrodiplax paraguayensis.
10. 4Km Sign road, pond and stream.
A couple of sites down this road close to Regua held very interesting species. The stream gave us our only sighting of Epipleoneura venezuelensis and the pond our only sightings of Progomphus intricatus and Idiataphe longipes. I also saw Micrathyria spuria at the pool. We visited the stream once and the pool the following day.
11. Vecchi
This area is about a forty minute drive from Regua and consists of small fish ponds and a larger pond. There are also any number of alternative ponds nearby which would be worth checking out. The small fish ponds held a good number of species. This was the only place we saw the rare Edonis helena with singles on each of our two visits although I missed the first one. It was the only place we saw Erythrodiplax famula and also held a lot of Erythemis credula, Erythrodiplax paraguayensis and Zenithoptera lanei. Our first sightings of the fabulous Diastatops obscura were also here.
The nearby larger pond was also very productive. Tom found the first record for the Aceratobasis macilenta for the Serra dos Orgaos area, finding a female on our first visit. On a subsequent visit, myself, Magnus and Susan Loose (Butterfly Researcher) found a male and a female and obtained the first video and photographs ever taken of this species in the area. More information about this find is on the Regua website. The large pond has a track along the back which is a known site for Minagrion ribieroi although we never found it. We did however have nice views of Idioneura ancilla on this path and I found our first Mecistogaster amalia. The stream at the back of the large pool had our only Perithemis thais and Tigriagrion aurantinigrum. Magnus and Tom Elga leptostyla here. Unfortunately it cleared off before I got to it. Gomphids present at this site included Cacoides latro, Phyllocycla pallida and Aphylla molossus. In retrospect the swarming Tauriphila and Tramea species probably deserved greater attention at this site as there was potential for Tauriphila australis and T. xiphea as well as Tramea cophysa and T. rustica here amongst the commoner species.
We visited this site just once. The main area was by the river Capivari. Firstly observing species from the river then walking a few hundred metres through a clearing before reaching a tricky fence. After negotiating the fence we entered some woodland with small muddy ponds. The woodland was infested with mosquito and this made the site very difficult to work (See 31.1.20 for more detail). The area holds quite a few species that are difficult elsewhere such as Perithemis electra, Staurophlebia reticulata, Tauriphilia australis and T. xiphea. We had Phyllocycla gladiata here although other Gomphids must surely be present.
This site is essential to visit for a number of higher altitude species such Heteragrion ovatum, Minagrion waltheri, three species of Oxyagrion, Micrathyria stawiarskii, Erythrodiplax melanorubra, Perithemis icteroptera and much more.
The site is essentially divided into three sites although those with more time could find others. The first area is a pond, river and bridge area. The pond is a little difficult to access through tall grass and a couple of steep banks but is great for Micrathyria stawiarskii. On our first visit in sunny weather, we also had Micrathyria athenais, Erythrodiplax melanorubra, Perithemis icteroptera, Oxyagrion simile and O. pavidum. The river and grassy area near the bridge has Oxyagrion hempeli. Stripe-tailed Clubskimmer Brechmorhoga "tepeaca" and Gynothemis venipunctata are also here but we didn't see them.
About another couple of kilometers down the track is a depression with a small peat bog and marsh in an open area of grassland. This is the place for Minagrion waltheri.
The trail into the forest is getting very overgrown so can be difficult to walk but it is still just about passable. You cross a few streams which most have attendant Heteragrion rogertaylori. Further into the forest, about two to three hundred metres a seepage on the trail held Heteragrion ovatum on both visits. Also here were Forcepsioneura lucia and F. sancta.
14. Tres Picos
This is the highest altitude site and essential to visit. We primarily worked two areas. The lower peat bog/meadow and stream and the upper marshy area and stream.
The lower area requires a quick hop over the fence and walking along the stream. This site has Dasythemis mincki, Hetaerina longipes, Argia lilacina and Macrothemis capitata and M. marmorata.
About an hour's walk up the mountain track is small marshy area on the opposite side of the track to some cattle feeding places. There are two small ponds here but the lower one is difficult to access and requires walking in through high vegetation. Species here include the undescribed Powdered Dasher Micrathyria sp., Rhionaeschna planaltica, R. itatiaia and Neocordulia carlochagasi. We saw lots of Oxyagrion simile but could not find O. santosi which is in this area. There is also a stream further along the track which holds Heteragrion muryense.
Daily Itinerary
24.1.20 - Overcast and Rain
25.1.20 - Generally Sunny
As we returned to the first clearing, Tom greeted us with already staked out Heteragrion consors and Forcepsioneura regua. The latter species has only recently been described. A whirlwind introduction to the Forest Fragment!
Returning to the Lodge early afternoon we had another look at the Lestes Swamp and Wetland. Too many species to mention here but we used the time to start working through the various flavours of Micrathyria and red libellulids on offer.
26.1.20 - Hot and Sunny
27.1.20 -Hot and Sunny
First up today was the Old Wetland. On our way into the site we had our first Aphylla theodorina, an immature Male that posed nicely for video.
Next we crossed a stream which has our only Peristicta jalmosi of the trip. The wetland itself produced many common species with highlights probably being Erythemis carmelita and a nice Female Coryphaeschna perrensi which briefly settled for video and photos.
Next up was the Green Trail to 200m and then the side trail to the river. The Bromeliads on the rocks had attendant Long-tailed Bromeliad Guards Leptagrion perlongum. A much wanted species in the bag! We spent a bit of time searching the area and Magnus also found a Leptagrion elongatum which I missed on this occasion. A side channel from the turbulent river had a Male Heteragrion triangulare but it was difficult to video as its perch bobbed up and down.
First stop was at the pond and first bridge. The pond had plenty of Micrathyria stawiarskii and a single Micrathyria athenais. Also here were plenty of Oxyagrion simile and a single Oxyagrion paridum. Our only Perithemis icteroptera was also here. Also here was Erythrodiplax melanorubra, the doppelganger to common E. fusca which was also present.
A single Remartinia luteipennis was also present. At the bridge we could not find Oxyagrion hempeli on this visit, but Magnus and Tom did see a Castoraeschna castor.
Our next stop was at a boggy area along the track. Here we had brief views of the stunning Minagrion waltheri, a few of Erythrodiplax juliana and a couple more E. melanorubra.
The trail into the forest was quite hard work. Tom reports that it has suffered through lack of management letting it become overgrown. As a consequence, less sun gets into the track and there is less chance of finding a perched Gomphid. However, it was nice to catch up with our first Heteragrion rogertaylori. This species is very accommodating, allowing you to almost touch it.
Also seen here were Dasythemis mincki. Tom and Magnus walked further on than I did as I decided to stay at a large stream. A bad decision on my part as they found Heteragrion ovatum and Forcepsioneura lucia at an area of seepage along a path.
29.1.20 - Sunshine and occasional cloud.
A little further on was a stream with no less than five Heteragrion muryense. A real highlight as I had missed yesterday’s Heteragrion ovatum. The Black and Yellow Flatwing species are gems. A nice bonus here was our only Bryoplathanon globifer which perched for a few seconds at our feet but did not return.
Walking
back down the mountain to the vehicle, a nice Large-tailed Antshrike put in an
appearance.
An unusual Female Flatwing found by Magnus at the side of the trail was initially thought to be a Female Persimmon Flatwing. However, later perusal of the video and photos proved it to be Heteragrion dorsale. What a bonus!
Arriving at the Waterfall hot and sweaty, we took a few minutes to cool off. Castoraeschna castor showed briefly and the Rubyspots here were Hetaerina brightwelli. After a short but treacherous clamber over some slippy rocks we were soon admiring Macrothemis tessellata. Unfortunately Magnus slipped on a rock and sustained a nasty cut on his leg. Fortunately nothing was broken so he had to "Man up". His wound did fester a bit for a few days though.
On the way back down we saw Leptagrion macrurum (seen on the way up also) and even better, a Female Leptagrion elongatum. I missed this species on our first visit to the Green Trail. At about the 600 metre point we had a few Libellula herculea at a stream. These red libellulids are like a red version of the European Libellula depressa.
Later that afternoon Tom and I decided to go to the large pond at Vecchi to look for Minagrion ribeiroi but again we drew a blank. We did however find a nice Female Erythrodiplax laurentia.
31.1.20 - Sunny and very hot.
When we arrived we scanned from the bridge seeing our only Erythrodiplax ochracea. A Female.
Looking at my hand with about one hundred Mosquito's gorging on the back of it, it was time to leave! Not so simple a task it would seem. As we got back to the clearing there were about sixty percent less Mosquitoes (only forty on my hand and numerous ones elsewhere now) but the temperature was scorching. I was feeling dizzy and had to sit down before I fell down. Because we were relatively close to the van I didn't take any water in with me. That was a big mistake as now, the van seemed miles away. I thought I was sat on the floor for a few minutes but Magnus told me it was well over twenty minutes and told me he walked around looking at Tramea species which I was oblivious too. Every time I stood up, I thought I would faint. Eventually I took my video gear off the tripod and Magnus agreed to carry it back to the van. This way, if I fainted, only I and my tripod was potentially damaged! I eventually managed to walk out to be rescued by cold Coke and Air Conditioning in the van. I know it all sounds a little dramatic but I cannot emphasize enough how quickly you can find yourself in the "incident pit"
Enough of that, back to the Odes. This site has potential for some great species and we did plan to return. We stopped at a small pond a few km up the road and saw a selection of common species in a more hospitable environment.
On the way back to Regua we checked out the stream on the side road at the 4km sign. Here we had our only Epipleoneura venezuelensis of the trip.
The afternoon was spent at the Lestes Swamp and the Yellow Trail in the Regua Wetland. Nice views Anatya januaria and Telagrion longum were memorable.
Tom returned to the Netherlands that evening.
A nice start to the day when we found our first Erythrodiplax media in the garden this morning amongst the larger wildlife.
Another day in the Regua Wetlands. We are now getting to grips with the plethora of Micrathyria species including artemis, atra, catenata, hesperis, ocellata and pseudeximia. The Micrathyria lookalike Nephepeltia phryne was also abundant. A Female Coryphaeschnea viriditas with a damaged wing was a nice find today as it was the only one we saw all trip. Plenty of video and photo opportunities today but all common species.
The weather became progressively cloudier as the day progressed and eventually curtailed activities.
5.2.20 - Intermittent sunshine amongst cloud and light rain.
We returned to Vecchi today. First up were the small fish ponds which took a little while to get going due to the weather. However we still found some nice species. I managed to catch up with a single Edonis helena which I had missed on our first visit. It was also nice to video Erythrodiplax juliana. Other than that it was a repeat of our first visit but a bit more leisurely.
Next we went to the large pond where we found a Male and Female Aceratobasis macilenta which was a great discovery and backed up Toms find of a Female from the 26.1. A new species for Regua.
Magnus managed to pull back Tigriagrion aurantinigrum and I had some great video opportunities with Diastatops obscura. I also found a Male and Female Aphylla mollosus which was nice.
6.2.20 - Cloudy and rain.
A
morning visit to the Forest Fragment was largely unsuccessful as the cloudy
weather soon turned to rain. We managed to see a Female Epigomphus paludosus on the forest track before we reached the
second clearing.
The rain then came and we spent most of the morning sheltering in a rather convenient farm building. I also had an upset stomach so occasional dashes to the Pineapple patch were required. The rain cleared enough for a short exploration of the clearing but we found nothing special.
More rain that afternoon consigned us to the Lodge.
7.2.20 - Cloud and sunshine then rain.
A morning visit to the Old Wetlands failed to produce anything new. A highlight was watching an unidentified small raptor go into a dive from a great height and take out a Southern Rough-winged Swallow right in front of us.
We had another look for Peristicta jalmosi but couldn't find it on the stream.
9.2.20 - Cloud and intermittent sunshine.
A return visit to Campestre de Salinas. We set off earlier today but windy and cloudy conditions on arrival did not help. As the cloud split up a bit, things improved a little. A return visit to the first pond had a few Micrathyria stawiarskii but not too much else.
We then had a quick look at the nearby river and surrounding area. The most notable thing here was the large number of Heteragrion aurantiacum at the river edge. We decided to come back later.The boggy area produced a few Minagrion waltheri and these were more photogenic than on our first visit. Also a single Argia lilacina was present.
We didn't hang around returning to the spot where Magnus and Tom had Heteragrion ovatum on our first visit. Bingo! A Male ovatum as soon as we arrived. I videoed this from all angles before eventually being distracted by Forcepsioneura sancta. Sadly we could not relocate any Forcepsioneura lucia. Coming out of the Forest we sat on the nearby bridge a while having lunch. My second but Magnus's first Gomphoides infumata showed up by the bridge, as did Remartinia luteipennis.
Back at the first bridge and we put a concerted effort in for Oxyagrion hempeli. This paid off when I found our first one in the grassland but it disappeared before Magnus got there. A frantic couple of minutes ensued before Magnus found it/or another nearby. We saw one more individual. It was nice to get this one bagged.
10.2.20 - Warm but overcast morning, rain later.
Today we summoned up our energy for a morning return visit to the Reservoir. This was a good move as it added two new species for the trip. Firstly I found a Male Erythrodiplax latimaculata which then showed nicely for both of us (remember this fact Magnus!).
Later Magnus found and photographed the only Homeoura chelifera of the trip but it vanished before I got there. It was good for Magnus to find this as he had spent all his time meticulously trawling through Ischnuras, just a shame it didn't hang around for me!
The deminutive Erythrodiplax paraguayensis and more Orthemis schmidti were seen.
Once again the weather deteriorated in the afternoon.
11.2.20 - Rain, Rain and more Rain!
Today we just hung around the Lodge cursing at the sky. I made a valiant effort to get Erythrodiplax fusca on the day list, finding a sorry looking individual in the flower bed. The only species seen every day of the trip.
12.2.20 - Cloudy morning, rain all afternoon.
A Male Leptagrion macrurum on the path side of the garden border was a nice find as we started off this morning.
We set off around the Yellow Trail this morning more in hope than expectation as it was cloudy but at least it wasn't raining. Well fortune favours the brave and this proved to be so when Magnus found a Female Minagrion mecistogastrum. It cleared off fairly quickly but at least we both saw it and Magnus fired off a few shots. This was the only one we saw all trip although Tom did see one at Vecchi large pool.
A freshly emerged Miathyria simplex next to its exuvae was also nice this morning.
Things were very quiet until Magnus took a few steps down the trail and screamed "Helicopter". Not in a tourettes based impulse but in excitement that on his last day he managed to find what had been his nemesis all trip. A fantastic Mecistogaster amalia slowly drifted in front of us, perching occasionally before eventually going into cover. Lucky Bxxxxxd!
What a great finish to our trip! Not quite, I had an hour in the wetlands before packing.
About an hour's walk up the mountain track is small marshy area on the opposite side of the track to some cattle feeding places. There are two small ponds here but the lower one is difficult to access and requires walking in through high vegetation. Species here include the undescribed Powdered Dasher Micrathyria sp., Rhionaeschna planaltica, R. itatiaia and Neocordulia carlochagasi. We saw lots of Oxyagrion simile but could not find O. santosi which is in this area. There is also a stream further along the track which holds Heteragrion muryense.
Daily Itinerary
23.1.20
Evening
arrival in Rio, transfer to the Lodge and a few Odonata at the Moth Wall.
Species on the wall included Ischnura
capreolus, Ischnura fluviatilis and Erythrodiplax
umbrata. Even managed to find roosting Acanthagrion
temporale in the flower beds! We had our first Caipirinha cocktails of the
trip. These are a nightly event at the lodge.
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| Hieroglyphic Dasher Micrathyria hesperis |
Walked
the Yellow Trail around the Regua Wetlands in poor weather. Also had our first
look at the "Lestes Swamp" seeing our first Male Telagrion longum, with its "Flametip" glowing brightly in
the gloomy conditions. We also had Micrathyria
atra, Anatya januaria, Lestes tricolor and Acanthagrion gracile. We also took a look at the small bridge area
at the reserve entrance for my first Hetaerina
rosea. Despite the poor weather it was nice to get our first of what would
be many Heteragrion aurantiacum. The commonest Flatwing
species but still a stunner.
We also had a nice immature male Dasythemis venosa which had similarities to Agrionoptera species in Asia. Our first Micrathyria hesperis and Oligoclada laetitia were also memorable, as were our only two Planiplax arachne to be seen at the wetland. It was always present at the Reservoir though.
We also had a nice immature male Dasythemis venosa which had similarities to Agrionoptera species in Asia. Our first Micrathyria hesperis and Oligoclada laetitia were also memorable, as were our only two Planiplax arachne to be seen at the wetland. It was always present at the Reservoir though.
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| Laetitia Leafsitter Oligoclada laetitia |
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| Leaf Hugging Dragonlet Erythrodiplax castanea |
Our
first visit to the Forest Fragment with Tom. We stopped briefly at the first
clearing seeing plenty of Orthemis
cultriformis. Walking the track through the fragment looking for Gomphids
produced very little, although we did find a Male Epigomphus paludosus on our return journey. As we approached the
second clearing there was a big increase in common species such as Orthemis discolor, Erythrodiplax fusca
and E. avittata, and our first good
looks at the "leaf hugger" Erythrodiplax
castanea.
The more scarce species we found here included Macrothemis musiva (flight views), Macrothemis declivata (for some but not me), Aphylla molossus and Progomphus complicatus. Magnus found our only Zonophora campanulata but unfortunately it was dead in a spider’s web. In one corner of the clearing where the stream comes out of the forest, we had Forcepsioneura sancta. The stream amongst the Manioc crops had both Hetaerina rosea and H. hebe and quite a few Heteragrion aurantiacum.
The more scarce species we found here included Macrothemis musiva (flight views), Macrothemis declivata (for some but not me), Aphylla molossus and Progomphus complicatus. Magnus found our only Zonophora campanulata but unfortunately it was dead in a spider’s web. In one corner of the clearing where the stream comes out of the forest, we had Forcepsioneura sancta. The stream amongst the Manioc crops had both Hetaerina rosea and H. hebe and quite a few Heteragrion aurantiacum.
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| Orange Flatwing Heteragrion consors |
As we returned to the first clearing, Tom greeted us with already staked out Heteragrion consors and Forcepsioneura regua. The latter species has only recently been described. A whirlwind introduction to the Forest Fragment!
Returning to the Lodge early afternoon we had another look at the Lestes Swamp and Wetland. Too many species to mention here but we used the time to start working through the various flavours of Micrathyria and red libellulids on offer.
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| Immature Male Spine-bellied Dryad Nephepeltia phryne |
Our
first visit to Vecchi started at the small fish ponds. I can only describe this
as overwhelming as Tom shouted new species thick and fast before I could
methodically video each species. A sunny day meant the place was buzzing with
activity. Erythemis credula and Erythrodiplax paraguayensis were common.
Micrathyria spuria was new, as were
our first Diastatops obscura.
I enjoyed my first good views of Tauriphilia argo. The Micrathyria lookalike Nephepeltia phryne was very common here.
Aeshnids here included Anaxconcolor, Coryphaeschna adnexa and C. perrensi. This was also a good site for Acanthagrion cuyabae.
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| Cuiaba Wedgetail Acanthagrion cuyabae |
I enjoyed my first good views of Tauriphilia argo. The Micrathyria lookalike Nephepeltia phryne was very common here.
Aeshnids here included Anaxconcolor, Coryphaeschna adnexa and C. perrensi. This was also a good site for Acanthagrion cuyabae.
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| Clearspot Bluewing Zenithoptera lanei |
After
being dragged away from the small fish ponds, the next stop was the large pond.
We walked the track to the rear of the pond before clambering down to the
stream at the back corner of the pond. Tom advised us that the track was a good
site for Minagrion ribeiroi although
we were unable to find it. Tom did find a single Minagrion mecistogastrum but nobody else saw it. A notable event was
when Tom caught a Female Aceratobasis
macilenta. It took later examination for Tom to confirm its identification.
This was a new species for the Serra dos Orgaos area. We were to rediscover
this species later in the trip. http://regua.org/category/dragonflies-and-damselfies/
Yes it does say damselfies!
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| Broad-banded Amberwing Perithemis thais |
Highlights
on the path include a huge Amalia Helicopter Mecistogaster amalia and the diminutive Idioneura ancilla. Unfortunately Magnus missed the Helicopter and
had to sweat that one out for a while. Our first Micrathyria tibialis was also along this path.
The stream area produced our only Phyllocycla pallida, a Female which Tom caught. Other highlights here included Perithemis thais, Tigriagrion aurantinigrum and Elga leptostyla for Magnus and Tom.
The stream area produced our only Phyllocycla pallida, a Female which Tom caught. Other highlights here included Perithemis thais, Tigriagrion aurantinigrum and Elga leptostyla for Magnus and Tom.
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| Tiger Damsel Tigriagrion aurantinigrum |
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| Blue Pondhawk Erythemis credula |
We finished the day with a last dash around the Regua Wetland and Lestes Swamp.
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| Double-ringed Forceptail Aphylla theodorina |
27.1.20 -Hot and Sunny
First up today was the Old Wetland. On our way into the site we had our first Aphylla theodorina, an immature Male that posed nicely for video.
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| Emerald Greytip Peristicta jalmosi |
Next we crossed a stream which has our only Peristicta jalmosi of the trip. The wetland itself produced many common species with highlights probably being Erythemis carmelita and a nice Female Coryphaeschna perrensi which briefly settled for video and photos.
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| Female Argentine Red Darner Coryphaeschna perrensi |
Next up was the Green Trail to 200m and then the side trail to the river. The Bromeliads on the rocks had attendant Long-tailed Bromeliad Guards Leptagrion perlongum. A much wanted species in the bag! We spent a bit of time searching the area and Magnus also found a Leptagrion elongatum which I missed on this occasion. A side channel from the turbulent river had a Male Heteragrion triangulare but it was difficult to video as its perch bobbed up and down.
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| Long-tailed Bromeliad Guard Leptagrion perlongum |
Then
it was onto the Reservoir. It was very hot by now and entering the site was
quite demanding to say the least. In the hot conditions we had Planiplax arachne, plenty of Erythrodiplax paraguayensis and Orthemis schmidti amongst many other
things. By now the heat was starting to get the better of me and my attention
was becoming more focused on the arduous climb out rather than the Odes. I got
out alive but would not recommend a visit here in the early afternoon heat.
A
brief stop at the river near the Old Wetland produced another Heteragrion triangulare. Rather oddly we
only ever saw H. aurantiacum on our
return visit but both species do occur on this river.
28.1.20 - Sun and intermittent clouds, Rain
mid afternoon.
Our
first visit to Campestre de Salinas. As the crow flies this site is not far
from Regua but to get there involves a two and a half hour drive around the
mountains via Nova Friburgo the underwear capital of Brazil. In hindsight we
probably could have left a bit earlier from the lodge to give us another hour
on site.
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| Red and Blue Dragonlet Erythrodiplax melanorubra |
First stop was at the pond and first bridge. The pond had plenty of Micrathyria stawiarskii and a single Micrathyria athenais. Also here were plenty of Oxyagrion simile and a single Oxyagrion paridum. Our only Perithemis icteroptera was also here. Also here was Erythrodiplax melanorubra, the doppelganger to common E. fusca which was also present.
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| Orange-tailed Bluetip Minagrion waltheri |
A single Remartinia luteipennis was also present. At the bridge we could not find Oxyagrion hempeli on this visit, but Magnus and Tom did see a Castoraeschna castor.
Our next stop was at a boggy area along the track. Here we had brief views of the stunning Minagrion waltheri, a few of Erythrodiplax juliana and a couple more E. melanorubra.
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| Orange-and-black Flatwing Heteragrion rogertaylori |
The trail into the forest was quite hard work. Tom reports that it has suffered through lack of management letting it become overgrown. As a consequence, less sun gets into the track and there is less chance of finding a perched Gomphid. However, it was nice to catch up with our first Heteragrion rogertaylori. This species is very accommodating, allowing you to almost touch it.
Also seen here were Dasythemis mincki. Tom and Magnus walked further on than I did as I decided to stay at a large stream. A bad decision on my part as they found Heteragrion ovatum and Forcepsioneura lucia at an area of seepage along a path.
Returning
to the vehicle, I had one last look at the Minagrion
waltheri site just as it started to rain. A male did show quite well for
video opportunities.
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| Stripe-backed Skimmer Dasythemis minki |
Our
only visit to Tres Picos. The highest altitude site of the trip.
We
started at the lower peat bog and stream. Here we had good views of Macrothemis capitata and a brief flight
view of M. marmorata. Our only Hetaerina longipes of the trip was here
as well as Argia lilacina and plenty
of Dasythemis mincki.
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| Planalto Rubyspot Hetaerina longipes |
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| White-fronted Sylph Macrothemis capitata |
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| Chagas's Emerald Neocordulia carlochagasi |
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| Planalto Darner Rhionaeschna planaltica |
Walking up the mountain track we eventually arrived at a small marshy area and stream. One area was quite accessible and another below it required walking in through the undergrowth to find it. Fortunately for us Tom knew this site as we would have missed good habitat and species without him. In this area we had at least two Neocordulia carlochagasi. This fantastic cordulid was the only Emerald we had on this trip.One individual patrolled the depressions we had created by walking into the marsh.
Also here were both Rhionaeschna itatiaia and R. planaltica. The undescribed Powdered Dasher Micrathyria sp. was at the lower and harder to access pond. There were also plenty of Oxyagrion simile but we couldn't find any Oxyagrion santosi. I had a single Forcepsioneura sancta in the boggy depression created where I stood at the lower pond.
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| Cryptic Dot-backed Flatwing Heteragrion muryense |
A little further on was a stream with no less than five Heteragrion muryense. A real highlight as I had missed yesterday’s Heteragrion ovatum. The Black and Yellow Flatwing species are gems. A nice bonus here was our only Bryoplathanon globifer which perched for a few seconds at our feet but did not return.
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| Blue-tipped Mountain Coral Oxyagriom simile |
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| Large-tailed Antshrike Mackenziaena leachii |
30.1.20 - Sunny.
We
spent the morning walking up the Green Trail to the Waterfall. My recollection
was that the Waterfall was around the 2600 metre distance post. Lower down the
trail we had another Heteragrion consors.
Higher up the trail as it narrowed and crossed a series of streams we had nice
views of the undescribed Persimmon Flatwing Heteragrion
sp. I videoed a pair in tandem as the female oviposited under a submerged
leaf.
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| Persimmon Flatwing Heteragrion sp. |
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| Female Lemon-backed Flatwing Heteragrion dorsale |
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| Waterfall Sylph Macrothemis tessellata |
An unusual Female Flatwing found by Magnus at the side of the trail was initially thought to be a Female Persimmon Flatwing. However, later perusal of the video and photos proved it to be Heteragrion dorsale. What a bonus!
Arriving at the Waterfall hot and sweaty, we took a few minutes to cool off. Castoraeschna castor showed briefly and the Rubyspots here were Hetaerina brightwelli. After a short but treacherous clamber over some slippy rocks we were soon admiring Macrothemis tessellata. Unfortunately Magnus slipped on a rock and sustained a nasty cut on his leg. Fortunately nothing was broken so he had to "Man up". His wound did fester a bit for a few days though.
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| Female Foothill Rubyspot Hetaerina brightwelli |
On the way back down we saw Leptagrion macrurum (seen on the way up also) and even better, a Female Leptagrion elongatum. I missed this species on our first visit to the Green Trail. At about the 600 metre point we had a few Libellula herculea at a stream. These red libellulids are like a red version of the European Libellula depressa.
The
final species at the bottom of the Green Trail was a Brechmorhoga praedatrix which Tom caught.
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| Female Secretive Bromeliad Guard Leptagrion elongatum |
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| Hercules Skimmer Libellula herculea |
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| Female Silver-clouded Dragonlet Erythrodiplax laurentia |
Later that afternoon Tom and I decided to go to the large pond at Vecchi to look for Minagrion ribeiroi but again we drew a blank. We did however find a nice Female Erythrodiplax laurentia.
31.1.20 - Sunny and very hot.
Today
we travelled about 90 minutes to Silva Jardim in the lowlands. We visited an
area of clearing and woodland by the Rio Capivari and a small pond a few km up
the road on our return. My records lump the two sites together.
Tom
warned us it would be very hot and full of Mosquitoes. He wasn't wrong and I
totally underestimated the impact this would have.
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| Ochre Dragonlet Erythrodiplax ochracea |
When we arrived we scanned from the bridge seeing our only Erythrodiplax ochracea. A Female.
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| Yellow-ringed Forceptail Phyllocycla gladiata |
In the clearing we soon
had Phyllocycla gladiata and perched
Darners turned out to be Remartinia
luteipennis and immature Coryphaeschna
adnexa. Magnus and Tom also had the fantastically named Magnificent
Megadarner Staurophlebia reticulata.
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| Teneral Blue-faced Darner Coryphaeschnea adnexa |
Moving into the woodland and the Mosquito infested small pools we soon found Perithemis electra and roosting Triacanthagyna septima.
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| Swamp Amberwing Perithemis electra |
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| Pale-green Duskhawker Triacanthagyna septima |
Looking at my hand with about one hundred Mosquito's gorging on the back of it, it was time to leave! Not so simple a task it would seem. As we got back to the clearing there were about sixty percent less Mosquitoes (only forty on my hand and numerous ones elsewhere now) but the temperature was scorching. I was feeling dizzy and had to sit down before I fell down. Because we were relatively close to the van I didn't take any water in with me. That was a big mistake as now, the van seemed miles away. I thought I was sat on the floor for a few minutes but Magnus told me it was well over twenty minutes and told me he walked around looking at Tramea species which I was oblivious too. Every time I stood up, I thought I would faint. Eventually I took my video gear off the tripod and Magnus agreed to carry it back to the van. This way, if I fainted, only I and my tripod was potentially damaged! I eventually managed to walk out to be rescued by cold Coke and Air Conditioning in the van. I know it all sounds a little dramatic but I cannot emphasize enough how quickly you can find yourself in the "incident pit"
Enough of that, back to the Odes. This site has potential for some great species and we did plan to return. We stopped at a small pond a few km up the road and saw a selection of common species in a more hospitable environment.
Oh,
nearly forgot, Magnus got stung by a wasp today.
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| Venezuelan Greytip Epipleoneura venezuelensis |
On the way back to Regua we checked out the stream on the side road at the 4km sign. Here we had our only Epipleoneura venezuelensis of the trip.
1.2.20 - Sunny.
This
morning we visited the pond on the 4km side road. The sandy/muddy patches held
a couple of Progomphus intricatus. A
nice Micrathyria spuria posed for
video and when the weather warmed up a single Idiataphe longipes showed up, but always keeping to the vegetation
tips in the middle of the pond. This was our only sighting of this species.
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| Pale-tailed Sanddragon Progomphus intricatus |
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| Stripe-tailed Dasher Micrathyria spuria |
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| Immature Male Flame-tip Telagrion longum |
The afternoon was spent at the Lestes Swamp and the Yellow Trail in the Regua Wetland. Nice views Anatya januaria and Telagrion longum were memorable.
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| Brazilian Blue-eye Anatya januaria |
2.2.20 - Sunny
A
leisurely day wandering around the wetlands and taking lunch at the Lodge. A
nice find was our first Telebasis
griffini.
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| Swamp Firetail Telebasis griffini |
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| Guiana Spiderlegs Planiplax phoenicura |
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| Spine-bellied Dryad Nephepeltia phryne |
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| Flame-tailed Pondhawk Erythemis peruviana |
 |
| Purple-striped Dancer Argia modesta |
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| South American Tigertail Cacoides latro |
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| Blue-sided Wedgetail Acanthagrion temporale |
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| Orange-striped Flatwing Heteragrion aurantiacum |
3.2.20 - Sunshine and clouds
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| Brazilian Tapir |
A nice start to the day when we found our first Erythrodiplax media in the garden this morning amongst the larger wildlife.
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| Common Marmoset |
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| Black-and-blue Dragonlet Erythrodiplax media |
Another day in the Regua Wetlands. We are now getting to grips with the plethora of Micrathyria species including artemis, atra, catenata, hesperis, ocellata and pseudeximia. The Micrathyria lookalike Nephepeltia phryne was also abundant. A Female Coryphaeschnea viriditas with a damaged wing was a nice find today as it was the only one we saw all trip. Plenty of video and photo opportunities today but all common species.
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| Female Red Pondhawk Erythemis heaematogastra |
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| Immature Female Tiny Forktail Ischnura capreolus |
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| Flame-tip Telagrion longum |
4.2.20 - Cloudy with occasional sunshine/afternoon
rain
This morning we walked to the Macrothemis rupicola site via the Brown and Purple Trails. This species breeds in shallow warm rock pools, quite a unique habitat. To get to the rocky area, we had to wade across and had no choice but to get wet. So off with the kit it was (nearly). What a sight!
Fortuitously as we reached the site, the sun came out and we were soon looking at the all blue Male rupicolas as about four patrolled the small rock pools and occasionally perched up. Another bonus at this site was nice views of a Male
Gomphoides infumata.
There was also a single
Heteragrion triangulare
 |
| Dusty Sylph Macrothemis rupicola |
This morning we walked to the Macrothemis rupicola site via the Brown and Purple Trails. This species breeds in shallow warm rock pools, quite a unique habitat. To get to the rocky area, we had to wade across and had no choice but to get wet. So off with the kit it was (nearly). What a sight!
 |
| Smoky Horntail Gomphoides infumata |
Fortuitously as we reached the site, the sun came out and we were soon looking at the all blue Male rupicolas as about four patrolled the small rock pools and occasionally perched up. Another bonus at this site was nice views of a Male
Gomphoides infumata.
There was also a single
Heteragrion triangulare
The weather became progressively cloudier as the day progressed and eventually curtailed activities.
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| Grassland Dragonlet Erythrodiplax juliana |
5.2.20 - Intermittent sunshine amongst cloud and light rain.
We returned to Vecchi today. First up were the small fish ponds which took a little while to get going due to the weather. However we still found some nice species. I managed to catch up with a single Edonis helena which I had missed on our first visit. It was also nice to video Erythrodiplax juliana. Other than that it was a repeat of our first visit but a bit more leisurely.
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| Mantled Skimmer Edonis helena |
Next we went to the large pond where we found a Male and Female Aceratobasis macilenta which was a great discovery and backed up Toms find of a Female from the 26.1. A new species for Regua.
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| Male Lesser Pendant Aceratobasis macilenta |
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| Female Lesser Pendant Aceratobasis macilenta |
Magnus managed to pull back Tigriagrion aurantinigrum and I had some great video opportunities with Diastatops obscura. I also found a Male and Female Aphylla mollosus which was nice.
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| Red-tailed Blackwing Diastatops obscura |
6.2.20 - Cloudy and rain.
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| Slender Wedgetail Acanthagrion gracile |
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| Female Austral Knobtail Epigomphus paludosus |
The rain then came and we spent most of the morning sheltering in a rather convenient farm building. I also had an upset stomach so occasional dashes to the Pineapple patch were required. The rain cleared enough for a short exploration of the clearing but we found nothing special.
More rain that afternoon consigned us to the Lodge.
7.2.20 - Cloud and sunshine then rain.
Another
morning in the Regua Wetlands before the weather deteriorated. Probably the
highlight was nice views of an ovipositing Coryphaeschna
perrensi.
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| Female Argentine Red Darner Coryphaeschna perrensi |
8.2.20 - Sunshine and occasional clouds.
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| Red Pondhawk Erythemis haematogastra |
We had another look for Peristicta jalmosi but couldn't find it on the stream.
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| Sooty Saddlebags Tramea binotata |
We then finished the morning off wading in the nearby river. This produced nice views of Macrothemis imitans and both Elasmothemis species on the same twig. Argia croceipennis were also sharing the same twig. Very enjoyable!
An afternoon visit to the Forest Fragment was notable by the complete lack of activity although I got some nice video of the ubiquitous Orthemis discolor. Sunny mornings are clearly best at this site
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| Ivory-striped Sylph Macrothemis imitans |
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| Golden Streamskimmer Elasmothemis cannacrioides |
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| Mottled Streamskimmer Elasmothemis constricta |
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| Carmine Skimmer Orthemis discolor |
.
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| Dot-tailed Dasher Macrothemis stawiarskii |
9.2.20 - Cloud and intermittent sunshine.
A return visit to Campestre de Salinas. We set off earlier today but windy and cloudy conditions on arrival did not help. As the cloud split up a bit, things improved a little. A return visit to the first pond had a few Micrathyria stawiarskii but not too much else.
 |
| Lilac Dancer Argia lilacina |
We then had a quick look at the nearby river and surrounding area. The most notable thing here was the large number of Heteragrion aurantiacum at the river edge. We decided to come back later.The boggy area produced a few Minagrion waltheri and these were more photogenic than on our first visit. Also a single Argia lilacina was present.
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| Dot-backed Flatwing Heteragrion ovatum |
We didn't hang around returning to the spot where Magnus and Tom had Heteragrion ovatum on our first visit. Bingo! A Male ovatum as soon as we arrived. I videoed this from all angles before eventually being distracted by Forcepsioneura sancta. Sadly we could not relocate any Forcepsioneura lucia. Coming out of the Forest we sat on the nearby bridge a while having lunch. My second but Magnus's first Gomphoides infumata showed up by the bridge, as did Remartinia luteipennis.
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| Large Mountain Coral Oxyagrion hempeli |
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| Black-mantled Dragonlet Erythrodiplax latimaculata |
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| Paraguayan Dragonlet Erythrodiplax paraguayensis |
Later Magnus found and photographed the only Homeoura chelifera of the trip but it vanished before I got there. It was good for Magnus to find this as he had spent all his time meticulously trawling through Ischnuras, just a shame it didn't hang around for me!
The deminutive Erythrodiplax paraguayensis and more Orthemis schmidti were seen.
Once again the weather deteriorated in the afternoon.
 |
| Red-tailed Skimmer Orthemis schmidti |
11.2.20 - Rain, Rain and more Rain!
Today we just hung around the Lodge cursing at the sky. I made a valiant effort to get Erythrodiplax fusca on the day list, finding a sorry looking individual in the flower bed. The only species seen every day of the trip.
12.2.20 - Cloudy morning, rain all afternoon.
A Male Leptagrion macrurum on the path side of the garden border was a nice find as we started off this morning.
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| Blue-and-brown Bromeliad Guard Leptagrion macrurum |
 |
| Coralline Firetail Telebasis corallina |
We set off around the Yellow Trail this morning more in hope than expectation as it was cloudy but at least it wasn't raining. Well fortune favours the brave and this proved to be so when Magnus found a Female Minagrion mecistogastrum. It cleared off fairly quickly but at least we both saw it and Magnus fired off a few shots. This was the only one we saw all trip although Tom did see one at Vecchi large pool.
 |
| Dwarf Glider Miathyria simplex |
A freshly emerged Miathyria simplex next to its exuvae was also nice this morning.
13.2.20 - Overcast.
Our last day at Regua before our evening flight home. We decided to go to the lower part of the Green Trail as there was more potential for something unusual.
Things were very slow. A search of the Bromeliads failed to produce a single Leptagrion perlongum which was strange. Not even a Heteragrion triangulare.
We eventually saw the odd Heteragrion aurantiacum before finding a H. consors. A flooded patch at about 150 metres held a couple of hawking Rhionaeschna planaltica and Micrathyria atra.
Our last day at Regua before our evening flight home. We decided to go to the lower part of the Green Trail as there was more potential for something unusual.
Things were very slow. A search of the Bromeliads failed to produce a single Leptagrion perlongum which was strange. Not even a Heteragrion triangulare.
We eventually saw the odd Heteragrion aurantiacum before finding a H. consors. A flooded patch at about 150 metres held a couple of hawking Rhionaeschna planaltica and Micrathyria atra.
 |
| Female Black Dasher Micrathyria atra |
 |
| Amalia Helicopter Mecistogaster amalia |
Things were very quiet until Magnus took a few steps down the trail and screamed "Helicopter". Not in a tourettes based impulse but in excitement that on his last day he managed to find what had been his nemesis all trip. A fantastic Mecistogaster amalia slowly drifted in front of us, perching occasionally before eventually going into cover. Lucky Bxxxxxd!
What a great finish to our trip! Not quite, I had an hour in the wetlands before packing.
Summary
Regua was everything and more than we thought it would be. I managed to see 142 species and the trip list including Magnus's sightings was 147. Tom saw an additional 5 species bringing the complete trip list total to 152.
The increase in wet weather towards the end of the trip without doubt cost Magnus and I a few species. Most notably Duskhawkers as rain stopped further attempts for these in our last week. We should also have spent more time searching through Tramea and Tauriphilia swarms for rarer species. Also for some reason Nephepeltia flavifrons and Rhodopygia hollandi were strangely absent. Every reason to return!
Regua was everything and more than we thought it would be. I managed to see 142 species and the trip list including Magnus's sightings was 147. Tom saw an additional 5 species bringing the complete trip list total to 152.
The increase in wet weather towards the end of the trip without doubt cost Magnus and I a few species. Most notably Duskhawkers as rain stopped further attempts for these in our last week. We should also have spent more time searching through Tramea and Tauriphilia swarms for rarer species. Also for some reason Nephepeltia flavifrons and Rhodopygia hollandi were strangely absent. Every reason to return!
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Pallid Amberwing Perithemis mooma
Detailed Species List The following list is those species I personally saw although for completeness I have listed the additional sightings by Magnus and Tom at the end.
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